This salinity profile was from an arctic deployment in rough seas. At a certain point, we see regular salinity spikes of about ± .01 psu in the upcast data. Can you determine what caused this?

This salinity profile was from an arctic deployment in rough seas. At a certain point, we see regular salinity spikes of about ± .01 psu in the upcast data. Can you determine what caused this?
Zooming in shows salinity and dissolved oxygen are fluctuating heavily alongside the tidal cycle. Can you determine what is causing this?
Can you correctly label the 4 plots? Hint: this area is subject to periods of eutrophication during the late summer/early fall.
Dissolved oxygen should not be negative. Can you determine the error that created the unusual oxygen profile above?
Although they should match perfectly, the two sensors rarely reported the same temperature value throughout their deployment. Furthermore, the 16plusV2 appeared to stop logging, although the batteries still had life upon recovery. Can you identify the problem?
Q&A: Diagnosing Salinity Spikes The figure above shows a time series of salinity from a moored CTD. For most of the deployment, salinity showed frequent downward spikes, dropping from an expected range of 18-26 psu to near zero. Can you determine the cause?...
May 2020 Newsletter The data above show two major symptoms of the same problem occurring in different locations on a 19plusV2 profiling CTD. On the left, oxygen appears to drop below zero and is highly erratic during the downcast (light blue). However, once it hits a...
February 2020 Newsletter The data above came from a HydroCAT-EP multiparameter probe moored in an estuary near Savannah, Georgia. The highlighted section shows a sudden change in the temperature and salinity data that lasted for approximately 4 days, and continued...
December 2019 Newsletter Fluorescence is the light emitted by a particle after excitation from another light source. Sea-Bird Scientific fluorometers are widely used to measure fluorescence from chlorophyll as a method of measuring primary productivity. The figure...
November 2019 Newsletter The data above come from a profiling CTD, deployed in sea conditions that caused approximately 1-meter ship heave. Two things stick out – relatively unchanging salinity data during the downcast, and noisy data during the upcast (shown in light...
The Oceanography Society (TOS) and Sea-Bird Scientific are proud to have partnered in hosting a webinar focused on sharing insights and advice with current students or recent graduates on how they can transition from their education to a role in academia and/or...
Celebrating and honoring our LGBTQIA+ communities At Sea-Bird Scientific, we are proud to stand with members of the LGBTQIA+ community during Pride Month 2023. As with last year, we changed our logo on social media to feature a rainbow throughout the month of June in...
We are proud to work with such excellent partners, one of them being the team over at Oceanography Magazine! This month, we are excited to feature Ellen Kappel, Oceanography Magazine Editor, for our May Partner Spotlight. Oceanography magazine is an excellent source...